FigureMoney

Tax Calculators

Tools for estimating what you owe on current 2026 rules: work out your federal income tax and where you land in the brackets, the tax on a capital gain by holding period, quarterly estimated tax for 1099 income, and sales tax by state — every rate tied to its source, and every result an estimate rather than tax advice.

You are not taxed at a single rate

The federal income tax is progressive, which means it applies in layers. Only the income that falls inside a given bracket is taxed at that bracket’s rate — moving into a higher bracket never lowers your take-home pay, because only the dollars above the threshold are taxed more. This is the difference between your marginal rate (the rate on your last dollar) and your effective rate (the average across all your income).

The income-tax calculator shows both, along with which brackets your income spans. Understanding the two rates settles a common fear — a raise is always worth taking — and helps you judge the real value of a deduction, which saves tax at your marginal rate, not your average one.

Not all income is taxed the same way

A dollar of wages and a dollar of investment profit can carry very different tax bills. Profit on an asset held longer than a year is a long-term capital gain, taxed at lower rates than ordinary income; sell inside a year and the gain is short-term, taxed like a paycheck. That one-year line can change the tax on a sale substantially.

The capital-gains calculator estimates the tax by holding period and income level, so the timing of a sale becomes a deliberate decision rather than an afterthought. Everything here is an estimate to plan with — not tax advice — so confirm anything consequential with a professional before you act.

If no one withholds for you, you owe it directly

Employees have tax pulled from every paycheck automatically. Freelancers, contractors, and investors with untaxed income usually do not, and the IRS expects that tax throughout the year in quarterly estimated payments rather than one lump sum at filing — underpay and you can owe a penalty on top of the tax.

The estimated-tax calculator projects those quarterly amounts from your expected income, and for anything you buy, the sales-tax tool applies the correct combined state and local rate. The goal across all of these is the same: know the number early enough to set the money aside.

Guides & articles

Plain-English explainers to go with the calculators above — every figure tied to its source.